Combatting Human Traffic – from the Atlantic Wire

Obama’s Latest Executive Order Combats Human Trafficking

Reuters

President Barack Obama used his turn at the podium of the Clinton Global Initiative to announce anew executive order that expressly bans U.S. government contractors from engaging in human trafficking. The president called the practice “modern slavery” and said it was “barbaric, evil, and it has no place in the civilized world.” The president made the point that the United States is the largest purchaser of goods and services on earth, and the executive order is meant to put that economic influence to work in combatting the practice. “With more than 20 million victims of human trafficking around the world…we’ve got a lot more to do,” he said. You’ll be able to get a full transcript and video of his remarks soon at the White House’s live-streaming page, and there’s afact sheet outlining the president’s overall plan to combat trafficking. But in the meantime, let’s take a look at what’s in this new executive order.

The order defines human trafficking according to the U.S. State Department’s Trafficking Victims’ Protection Act, which basically describes it as inducing or obtaining people to perform labor or sex through coercion, force, or fraud, “for the purpose of subjection to involuntary servitude, peonage, debt bondage, or slavery.” Under the new order, companies working for the U.S. government will have to comply with a series of basic conduct requirements. Those include prohibitions against using misleading ads about the nature, location, and payment of the work offered; charging employment fees; and destroying, confiscating, or otherwise denying access to identification documents. It also requires contractors to pay return transportation costs for employees traveling to take expatriate jobs, provide housing where appropriate, and to make themselves available to inspectors. And it prohibits contractors from engaging in “procurement of commercial sex acts, or the use of forced labor in the performance of the contract or subcontract.” You can read the order in full over at the White House.

Want to add to this story? Let us know in comments or send an email to the author atamartin@theatlantic.com. You can share ideas for stories on the Open Wire.
Adam Martin

Austerity in Portugal – from the Economist

Portugal’s austerity measures

The tipping point

How much austerity is too much?

Sep 22nd 2012 | LISBON | from the print edition

A FORTNIGHT is a long time in the euro crisis. In two short weeks Portugal has gone from being a model pupil, praised in Brussels and Frankfurt for steadfastly pressing ahead with a reform programme tied to a €78 billion ($101 billion) bail-out to a cautionary example of the dangers facing governments which attempt to push austerity beyond the tolerance of long-suffering voters.

With his decision to finance a reduction in company costs through a sharp cut in workers’ take-home pay, Pedro Passos Coelho, Portugal’s prime minister, appears to have taken reform past the limit of what is deemed acceptable by large parts of the electorate. Until then, voters had accepted successive rounds of belt-tightening with grudging resignation.

The prime minister is proposing to cut employers’ social-security contributions by 5.75 points, to 18% of their wage bill. By reducing labour costs in this way, he hopes to boost employment, push down prices and increase Portugal’s export competitiveness. What makes the reform such a bitter pill for workers is that their social-security contributions will increase from 11% to 18% of their pay to finance the measure.

In the 15 minutes that Mr Passos Coelho took to announce his scheme on television earlier this month, he performed the remarkable feat of uniting not only the opposition parties against his “intolerable” plan, but also trade unionists, big business and economists. The move also opened a potentially irreparable breach between the two parties in his governing coalition. By the following weekend, hundreds of thousands of peaceful demonstrators had taken to the streets in Portugal’s biggest anti-austerity protest to date.

Aníbal Cavaco Silva, the president, will convene a meeting of the Council of State, his top advisory body, on September 21st. The president’s chief concern is to prevent this unexpectedly vehement backlash from developing into a full-blown political crisis that would demolish the international confidence that Portugal has gradually gained over the past year through painful sacrifice and meticulous adherence to its three-year adjustment programme.

António José Seguro, leader of the centre-left Socialists, the main opposition party, described the proposal as an “immoral and unacceptable” transfer of workers’ earnings to their bosses. It was, he said “a social experiment” never tried before anywhere in the world. Unless the proposal is withdrawn, the Socialists, supporters of the bail-out, but not the prime minister’s policies, will table a censure motion against the government. Potentially more damaging for Mr Passos Coelho, who enjoys a comfortable majority in parliament, is the growing threat of a rift in his Social Democratic Party’s hitherto solid coalition with the conservative People’s Party, led by Paulo Portas, the foreign minister, who argued against the social-security transfer.

Faced with such widespread opposition and the risk that some government MPs could rebel in a crucial October vote on the 2013 budget, the prime minister is widely expected to modify, if not fully retract, his plan. This could spare Portugal a destructive political crisis. But it will be too late to save the prime minister from the damage that has already been inflicted on the government coalition and his own standing with hard-pressed voters.

Mr Passos Coelho’s policies may have succeeded in emphasising Portugal’s differences from Greece. But he is also discovering that austerity cannot be pushed past a limit that is determined by voters, whether they are violently rioting in Athens or marching peacefully in Lisbon.

Biofuels in Asia

The Growing Popularity of Biofuels in Southeast Asia

By EcoSeed | Mon, 24 September 2012 22:11 | 0

Benefit From the Latest Energy Trends and Investment Opportunities before the mainstream media and investing public are aware they even exist. The Free Oilprice.com Energy Intelligence Report gives you this and much more. Click here to find out more.

The market for biofuels in the automotive sector – fuels sourced from plant-based oils and sugars, animal fats and other natural occurring sources – rose to an estimated amount of more than $1.78 billion in the Southeast Asian region last year.

The current biofuel penetration rate in Southeast Asia is about 1.8 percent of the total automotive fuels market. This percentage is forecast to grow to 3.3 percent by 2017 for a market worth about $4.3 billion.

According to an analysis from Frost & Sullivan, Southeast Asian governments have been introducing different blending mandates for biofuels to boost their use in their countries. This is seen as a result of ratifying the Kyoto Protocol to curb their emissions, but also as a way to boost their agricultural sector and decrease their dependence on crude oil.

“Most Southeast Asian countries are importers of crude oil. To reduce their dependence on imposts and still meet energy requirements, governments in the region are actively promoting biofuels as a health and potentially more sustainable alternative to petroleum-based oils,” said Shree Vidhyaa Karunanidhi, a Frost & Sullivan research analyst.

While the region may be lacking in crude oil, it does have rich agricultural resources that could be used by the biofuel industries. The two challenges facing the biofuel sector in the region are competition from the food industry and out-dated government subsidies for petroleum-based fuels.

RELATED: Smart Sponge Holds the Key to Cleaning Fracking Water

According to the analysis, these problems can be overcome be enforcing blending legislation, removing subsidies for petroleum, and providing incentives for consumers and tax breaks for biofuel companies.

It is also recommended that biofuel companies work on improving extraction efficiency and how they secure their raw materials.

The analysis noted that Thailand has the most mature biofuel market in the region while Malaysia’s market is currently frozen with plants ceasing operations in the wake of unfavourable pricing mechanisms.

The Philippines was found to have experienced significant rise in consumption of biodiesel and ethanol but is still mostly reliant on imports. Indonesia has a rudimentary ethanol market and is looking to enhance the production of biodiesel.

Meanwhile, Vietnam is expected to bring blending mandates into play in 2013. The country is also looking to produce its own biofuels such as biodiesel from catfish oil and ethanol from cassava.

By. K.R. Jalbuena

Annals of Videogaming

Assassin’s Creed III – preview

We bid farewell, reluctantly, to Ezio and say hello to his slightly humorless successor in a worthy addition to the series

Assassin’s Creed III

Assassin’s Creed III is a worthy addition to the series, with excellent graphics and control that, while difficult to master at first, plays as well as ever.

Ezio Auditore da Firenze is a tough act to follow and not just because he’s a charismatic Italian daredevil. Over the past three entries in Ubisoft’s sublime open-world adventure series, Assassin’s Creed, gamers have watched the former Florentine noble flourish from a shallow, pugnacious Lothario into a wise, if slightly world-weary, scholar of men.

As his storyline closed out in last year’s Assassin’s Creed: Revelations, Ezio had learned the harsh lesson that pursing a lust for revenge isn’t a substitute for living one’s life. His story arc had come full circle; after uncovering the library of Altair, Ezio left for home with his new love by his side, content that he’d paid his dues in the war between the Templars and the Assassins. Ezio is easily one of the best characters created in the gaming medium in the last 10 or so years and (speaking as a fan of this franchise) he will be sorely missed.

It’s a pity the same can’t be said about the series’ other protagonist – Desmond Miles. He’s unfortunately still an integral part of the Assassin’s Creed storyline and most fans would be glad to see the back of him. Not only is he a plonkingly bland character, but over the last three games his story arc found itself parked up an uninteresting cul-de-sac. Most players don’t care what happens to him and this is a problem for the developers because no matter what hooded figure glowers at punters from the box-art of every Assassin’s Creed game, this series – in the end – is all about Desmond. His story needs an adrenaline shot and fast.

Whether it’s going to get one in Assassin’s Creed III is unclear at this point. In my hands-on with the latest entry in the series I only caught site of the boring bartender in a loading screen before the Animus – that nifty VR time exploration device – slotted his consciousness back to the late 1700s in British-controlled North America and into the boots of one Connor Kenway.

AssassinAccording to the notes supplied by Ubisoft, Connor is a half-British, half-Native American warrior who joins the American revolutionary forces after the British attacked his village. As I join the story, Connor’s in deep with the rebels, but not too busy to make sure that the woodlands surrounding a manor he’s holed up in remain a place of peace and tranquility. After a brief exchange in which Connor is handed a nasty-looking weapon called a rope-dart, we’re off into the forest to take down a bunch of poachers.

Assassin’s Creed veterans are in for a couple of teething problems as they get to grips with young Mr Kenway. First off, the environments he travels through bare scant resemblance to the cities that Altair and Ezio kicked about in. The rooftops of those cities were largely flat-topped and only interrupted occasionally by iconic landmarks. Crucially, the streets in them were narrow, meaning that the jump between roofs was quite easy to make – even if in Istanbul Ezio required the odd bit of assistance from his hook blade.

After the Medieval Middle East and Renaissance Europe, the North American frontier takes a bit of getting used to. In the first half hour of my hands-on, I spent most of my time sprinting about, leaping over the odd rock or babbling brook, climbing nearby trees and then wondering how best to proceed. Due to the close-knit structure of the cities from earlier Assassin’s Creed games, the Parkour pathways were always immediately apparent. This isn’t the case in Assassin’s Creed III and players are likely to spend a fair bit of time bungling about in the treetops, or just running along on the ground – at least at first.

Then the penny drops. I wish I could point to a single moment or sequence in the game that marked the change in my navigational abilities, but truth be told, I didn’t spot the changeover. At some point, as Connor sprinted through the forest, my visual reading of the environment suddenly went widescreen; one minute I was struggling to see the way forward and the next, I found myself running up a fallen tree, leaping off a rock formation and then moving swiftly through the tree tops as though a pathway had just intuitively opened up for me.

AssassinIt wasn’t long before I happened across Connor’s poacher quarries, as moving through the trees is a lot speedier than running about on the ground. Furthermore, Connor has more attacking options open to him from an elevated position than he does on the ground. With the rope dart, for example, Connor can snag an enemy from where he’s sitting on a branch, looping his weapon around their neck in a make-shift noose. Then, using his own body weight as ballast, he can swing off the branch he’s perched on and use his momentum to string up his target and leave them choking their last as he walks away.

On level pegging, he’s still a force to be reckoned with; like Ezio, Connor has a concealed blade, which is perfect for surprise kills, but his go-to weapon of choice is a tomahawk, wielded in much the same way Ezio and Altair wielded their swords. Combat is a brutal and tactical affair; if players concentrate too much on hammering one specific opponent, they can be assured that any number of their target’s compatriots will move swiftly to hit them from behind. The counter move in Assassin’s Creed III gives players a brief window of slow motion to decide on the direction of their next attack – probably because most of Connor’s foes in the game are armed with muskets.

In any combative exchange, it’s likely that some enemies will attempt to fire lead into Connor. Luckily, since all the action is set in the 1700’s, there’s a lengthy respite between gunfire exchanges as enemies go through the cumbersome process of reloading. In the instances they come across a party of foes carrying muskets, it’s worth keeping mobile in order to make Connor a harder target to hit. Once the volley of gunfire sounds off, I recommend moving in swiftly with a tomahawk as the impromptu firing squad does their best to regroup.

Once I’d mopped up the poachers and a couple of side-quests, I found Connor’s environment growing in the direction of commerce. A young lady the poachers had shot down – and which I’d saved – decided to set up a trading post where Connor was able to sell the pelts of animals I’d skinned in the wild. It all smacked a bit of the mini-empire building that took place in the last three Assassin’s Creed games, and while I wasn’t able to see if Connor would be the focal point of a colonial business enterprise in the time allotted in my hands-on, it’s a ton to a tenner that players will probably be able to set up a goods network in the American frontier.

AssassinI was also able to see how Connor handled in an urban environment, as the plot arc in the time I had at the controls, took me from the frontier to Boston. The environment here was as much of a far cry from the tightly knit cities from previous Assassin’s Creed titles as the woodland frontier. The wide streets of newly-minted North America make progress over the rooftops slightly problematic at times. To combat this, the developers have positioned trees as waypoints on wide American streets and also allowed players the option of cutting through houses; crashing through a window and charging through an apartment to avoid capture is now an option.

The only real bone of contention here is that Connor – after three hours of playing time – can’t hold a candle to his predecessor. He is by no means as dull as Desmond, but in terms of charisma and likeability, Ezio leaves him the dust. He comes across as somewhat humorless, po-faced and oh-so-serious. That having been said, anyone who has ever played an Assassin’s Creed title will tell you that three hours of play is barely scratching the surface. Here’s hoping that Connor can lighten up occasionally; aside from his dour, dowdy demeanour, he and the game he inhabits are worthy successors to Ezio Auditore da Firenze and if you’ve played the last three Assassin’s Creed entries, you know what a compliment that is.

Two Sisters Peak – Estes Park

Went to Estes Park for a few days to hike and see the aspens there.  This image shoes Two Sisters Peak.  A few years ago we hiked above the tree line and came upon two Rocky Mountain Sheep with the beautiful curved horns.  Unfortunately I did not have my camera with me that day.

Renewable Energy Plan for San Francisco

San Francisco Approve Shells Plans to Provide 100% Clean Electricity

By Joao Peixe | Sun, 23 September 2012 00:00 | 0

Benefit From the Latest Energy Trends and Investment Opportunities before the mainstream media and investing public are aware they even exist. The Free Oilprice.com Energy Intelligence Report gives you this and much more. Click here to find out more.

Shell’s San Francisco renewable energy program has been approved by the city’s Board of Supervisors. The CleanPowerSF, is a $19.5 million initiative which allows residents of San Francisco to choose to buy electricity generated from clean sources; a move that could drastically cut carbon emissions in the area if successful.

The trial program will last five years, in which time it will need 90,000 of the 375,000 residents in the area to opt for the switch in order to make the endeavour worthwhile.

The program will put Shell in direct competition with Pacific Gas and Electric Company who is the current utility operator in San Francisco, and if successful the people of San Francisco could actually vote to elect Shell as their choice electricity provider.

The downside to the venture from the point of view of the public is that choosing to use green electricity will increase their utility bill by $9 a month, and commercial businesses will see their bill increase by $18 a month.

Now is the time to see whether the residents of San Francisco care more about their wallets or their environment; and if successful, maybe this program could be implemented in other cities around the world.

By. Joao Peixe of Oilprice.com

Ottolenghi’s Seven Wonders – From Intelligent Life Magazine

Jerusalem.jpg 

The man responsible for reinventing the salad discusses the places that add spice to his life…

From INTELLIGENT LIFE magazine, September/October 2012

Yotam Ottolenghi has a heritage as eclectic as his recipes. Born in Israel in 1968 to Italian and German parents, Ottolenghi studied literature and philosophy before becoming a chef. He runs four London café-delis and a restaurant, Nopi, and has written two bestselling cookbooks.

CITY Tokyo
I first visited Tokyo as a 14-year-old boy. I couldn’t stand the food and was most impressed by the pink handrails on the escalators, the pristine white gloves of the taxi drivers and the massive silver piles of electric gadgets for sale. I returned three years ago and all I could notice was food: udon noodles in soups, sashimi at Tsukiji fish market, deep-fried pork with sake and sweets from heaven in every department store. Tokyo is, really, my food mecca.

JOURNEY Trekking in Ladakh
It takes a few days to acclimatize to the altitude, and that is done in the breathtaking town of Leh, but the moonscape terrain of this Himalayan region is completely overwhelming. It is so sparsely populated that you can walk for days without seeing a soul, only dramatic rocky mountains, an occasional small lake and the most expansive sky I have ever come across. This immersion in nature with a strict walking routine is the closest I get to a meditative state.

BUILDING Old Dutch houses in Jordaan, Amsterdam
I particularly like old converted warehouses. I lived in Amsterdam for two years in the 1990s and completely fell for the local laid back attitude, combined with celebration of life and all things beautiful and delicious (“lekker” as the Dutch call it). A walk along the canals surrounded by those handsome 400-year-old houses makes me feel that the world is all right, that if this magnificent civilised tradition survived so far, it will definitely carry on.

HOTEL Metropole, Hanoi (above)
You rarely come across places to stay with such an apparent sense of history. This is colonial Asia frozen in time and it is particularly evident against the background of modern Hanoi, where stepping out onto the road is blatant suicide. The Metropole offers tranquillity and escape: fantastic period furniture, waitresses with the most elegant black dresses and pearl necklaces, and the general air of being in the presence of colonial old-timers like Somerset Maugham and Graham Greene.

WORK OF ART Maman, Louise Bourgeois
I first saw the original version of this statue in London at the Tate Modern, but more recently I came across a bronze cast outside the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, where it works in surprising harmony with the iconic building in the background. Because of its size and textured fabric, this gargantuan spider displays great mythical power that I find fascinating, if slightly unsettling.

VIEW Jerusalem’s Old City from the Mount of Olives (top)
Even though I grew up in this city and have seen this view a thousand times, or maybe because of this, I find this sight of the Old City and the ancient valley below the most intense and emotionally loaded experience. History just sucks you into its tortuous belly and you really do feel the presence of David, Jesus, Muhammad and all the others that walked these hills (or were transported onto them).

BEACH Katergo, Folegandros, Greece
You can only get there with a small taxi boat that comes once or twice a day, or take a substantial walk down a steep and stony path, but Katergo is the type of isolated beach that dreams are made of. Folegandros is a very small island visited mainly by Greeks and it is completely unspoilt, with only two tiny “towns” and very little else. It is stunning: deep blue skies, even deeper blue sea, and you can easily arrive to find you have the whole beach to yourself.

Ottolenghi 287 Upper St, London N1 et al.
Nopi 21-22 Warwick St, W1
Jerusalem by Sami Tamimi and Yotam Ottolenghi (Ebury, out now)

 


Recycling News

Starbucks, Plastic Fantastic: This Energy Innovator is Increasingly Attractive

By Editorial Dept | Fri, 21 September 2012 20:48 | 0

Benefit From the Latest Energy Trends and Investment Opportunities before the mainstream media and investing public are aware they even exist. The Free Oilprice.com Energy Intelligence Report gives you this and much more. Click here to find out more.

From plans to turn coffee grounds and uneaten pastries into bioplastics to energy efficiency competitions among its stores, Starbucks understands that the future is sustainability and that companies demonstrating cost-cutting energy efficiency and innovation will have the investment advantage.

After a rough spell that began with a change in CEO, the company is now scrabbling back up the rungs and it’s all about energy—from energy drinks to energy efficiency, and the unveiling of its single-brewer coffee maker doesn’t hurt, either.

Starbucks’ latest newsworthy innovation is still experimental, but promising. Starbucks Hong Kong has engaged a biochemical engineer to come up with a way to turn all those used coffee grounds and unconsumed pastries into chemicals that would be used to make bioplastics. So far, this has been a success. The research is being supported by the Climate Group, of which Starbucks Hong Kong is a corporate partner.

Specifically, engineers are blending pastries and other baked goods destined for the trash with fungi that secrete enzymes, which in turn break down the carbohydrates in the pastries to simple sugars which are then fermented and exposed to bacteria. The end result is a succinic acid that can be used in bioplastics production, as well as in the production of other substances, such as medicines and laundry detergents.

Starbucks biorefining efforts not only produce useful and…

What Could Go Wrong Here?

Shell to Build the World’s First Ever Floating LNG Plant

By Charles Kennedy | Thu, 20 September 2012 22:43 | 1

Benefit From the Latest Energy Trends and Investment Opportunities before the mainstream media and investing public are aware they even exist. The Free Oilprice.com Energy Intelligence Report gives you this and much more. Click here to find out more.

For more than a decade the natural gas industry has been looking for a way to move LNG onto barges at sea in order to avoid the escalating costs of onshore plants. Royal Dutch Shell has just taken the first step to realising that goal by placing an order for the first ever floating LNG plant.

The vessel, called Prelude, will be the largest in the world, weighing six times more than the largest aircraft carrier, and measuring more in length than the Empire State building is in height. The huge ship will be built in Korea and then moved to the north-west coast of Australia, where it will provide a cheaper option to onshore LNG plants there. The project is expected to cost Shell around $13 billion, but that is far less than the $20 billion that it costs to typically build an onshore facility.

Shell Prelude FLNG

When they approved the project last year, Shell estimated that Prelude will produce about 3.6 million metric tons of LNG and 1.3 million tons of gas condensate a year, and cost about $3 – $3.5 billion per million tons of LNG produced.

In comparison, Inpex Corp approved the construction of an onshore facility earlier this year, which will have a capacity of 8.4 million tons a year, cost $34 billion to build, and more than $4 billion per million tons of LNG produced.

Figures like this are causing Woodside, the Perth-based operator of the planned Browse LNG facility, to scrap their plans for the $44 billion plant and invest in a FLNG vessel instead.

Neil Gilmour, Shell’s FLNG (floating LNG) general manager, explained that the offshore plant is much cheaper than the onshore plant because they “remove the need for the pipeline and use about 50 percent of the raw materials for an equivalent onshore plant.”

RELATED: Oil Companies Race Back to the Gulf of Mexico

According to Deutsche Banke AG, demand for LNG will more than double to about 460 million tons per year by 2025; and BP Plc suggest that FLNG will supply about three percent of that volume.

Other companies looking to follow Shell into the FLNG sector include; Petronas, ConocoPhillips, GDF Suez, and PTT Exploration & Production Plc.

By. Charles Kennedy of Oilprice.com

Today’s Aspen

Time is growing short for taking pictures of Aspens.  So here is another.

 

I applied HDR toning to this image and think it a bit overdone.